Acupuncture

 
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Acupuncture is the key component of today’s Traditional Chinese Medicine. It involves the insertion of extremely thin needles through your skin at strategic points on your body. Most patients come to Acupuncture to treat pain, however any medical problem can be addressed using Acupuncture.

How does Acupuncture help healing?

Research shows that Acupuncture activates the para-sympathetic nervous system via the vagus nerve. This in turn affects all internal organs including liver, heart, kidneys, lungs and the digestive system. Through this state alpha brain waves are activated which affect the central nervous system (CNS). In addition, theta coherence represents a neural index of readiness to perceive and integrate sensory inputs. Some people call this a semi-meditative state or “adult naptime”.

Four types of brain waves can be detected by EEG. They are Delta (±0 to 4 Hz), theta (4‐8 Hz), alpha (8‐13 Hz), and beta (13‐20 Hz). Delta waves are more frequent during sleep. Alpha and theta brain waves are produces when the brain is in a relaxed or meditative state. And research has shows that acupuncture facilitates the modulation of brain waves from high activity gamma and beta wave states to more relaxed alpha and theta states.

How does Acupuncture treat Pain?

When it comes to the treatment of pain, acupuncture simply works on the nervous system. After an injury, the pain signals reach from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system. Specific pain areas are established in the brain. These ‘pain centers’ are then involved in CHRONIC PAIN. According to the gate theory, a neurogenic inflammatory "highway" is established between the brain and the site of injury. It is the brains' job to "protect" the area of concern and start a healing process. However this process is often NON-PRODUCTIVE due to failure of the bodies repair process.

THE ACUPUNCTURE BREAKS THIS VICIOUS CYCLE and down-regulates the inflammatory process.

Needles are NOT locally inserted into the pain areas but in corresponding "distal" locations. When this process is repeated several times in course of weeks or month, the ‘pain center’ in the brain reverses and disappears and so does the chronic pain.

This study from individual patient data meta-analyses of nearly 18,000 randomized patients on high quality trials provide the most robust evidence to date that acupuncture is a reasonable referral option for patients with chronic pain.

Losses in PFC grey matter are often reversible after successful treatment of chronic pain.

A recent study demonstrated that distal muscle needling reduces proximal pain by means of the diffuse noxious inhibitory control.

Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Control (DNIC) is a physiological process in which pain from one part of the body inhibits pain in another part. This phenomenon is thought to be a protective mechanism where the brain prioritizes more severe pain, leading to the suppression of less critical pain signals. DNIC involves complex interactions within the central nervous system and is part of the body's natural pain modulation system. It is mediated by a network of neurons that can suppress pain signals at the spinal cord level when intense pain is experienced elsewhere in the body. Understanding DNIC is important in pain management and research, as it has implications for the treatment of chronic pain conditions.

Research suggests that acupuncture can activate adrenergic mechanisms, which are part of the descending pain modulation pathway. Specifically, acupuncture has been found to reduce allodynia (a type of pain) through the activation of noradrenaline-containing neurons in the brainstem. These neurons project into the spinal cord and are involved in pain modulation. Alpha2- and beta-adrenoceptors are the most frequently reported receptors involved in this process. The activation of the adrenergic system by acupuncture is thought to interact with the opioid system in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, contributing to its analgesic effects.

After 4 weeks of acupuncture the reduction in the number of migraine days was correlated with baseline GM volume in the cuneus, parietal, and frontal gyri in all patients. Moreover, the left cuneus showed a longitudinal increase in GM volume in responders.

Other resources:

Acupuncture can help to reset the nervous system and restore balance by stimulating specific points on the body that are connected to the parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes relaxation and restorative processes1. Numerous new research investigations have shown that acupuncture is effective for the treatment of autonomic nervous system related disorders including epilepsy, anxiety, PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome), infertility and cardiovascular disorders2. Acupressure is also a reliable method for calming the nervous system and provides immediate anxiety relief for adults3.

Neuropathic pain

Several studies have examined biomarkers of nerve damage, including astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), microglial marker ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1), S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), and the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), revealing marked upregulation of these molecules in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) of Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-treated mice. This inflammatory effect was reversed through electroacupuncture.

Since MAPKs significantly contribute to the development of hyperalgesia, the inhibition of any of the three pathways, namely the ERK, p38, and JNK pathways, can rescue inflammatory or neuropathic pain. Several studies have reported that 2- and 15-Hz EA can downregulate cerebral TRPV4 expression and attenuate chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain!

Migranes

Migraine is a complex disorder; each episode begins with prodromes and aura (transient focal neurological symptoms). The origin of recurrent headache accompanied by visual or sensory symptoms is speculated to involve the hypothalamus, brain stem, and cortex. Current theories suggest that migraine is a neurovascular disorder involving cortical spreading depression, neurogenic inflammation, and vasodilation. A randomized controlled trial investigated the efficacy and tolerability of acupuncture in comparison with topiramate treatment in chronic migraine prophylaxis. The effectiveness of acupuncture was similar to or greater than that of prophylactic pharmacotherapy, with fewer side effects in migraine.

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system and Hormonal regulation

Parasympathetic tone refers to the baseline level of activity in the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), which is part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for regulating the body's unconscious actions. The PNS is often referred to as the "rest and digest" system because it conserves energy and helps maintain homeostasis during restful states.

Parasympathetic tone is important for several reasons:

  1. Regulation of bodily functions: It helps regulate functions such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate, ensuring that they operate at a calm and relaxed pace.

  2. Balance with sympathetic tone: Parasympathetic tone provides a balance to sympathetic tone, which is the activation level of the sympathetic nervous system (the "fight or flight" system). A healthy balance between these two systems is essential for overall well-being and the ability to respond appropriately to stress.

  3. Recovery and relaxation: High parasympathetic tone is associated with better relaxation, recovery, and stress resilience. It promotes restorative processes in the body, such as digestion and tissue repair.

  4. Health indicators: Parasympathetic tone can be an indicator of overall health and fitness. For example, heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of the variation in time between heartbeats, is often used as an indirect marker of parasympathetic tone. Higher HRV is associated with greater parasympathetic activity and is considered a sign of good cardiovascular health and stress resilience.

Overall, parasympathetic tone plays a crucial role in maintaining balance in the body's autonomic functions and promoting a state of relaxation and recover.

Li 2022: “integration and efferents from a complex network of autonomic nuclei of the brain, such as the insular cortex (IC), prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), amygdala (AMG), hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray (PAG), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), ventrolateral medulla (VLM), nucleus ambiguus (AMB), acupuncture alleviates visceral dysfunction, inflammation via efferent autonomic nerves, and relieves pain and pain affect. The modulating pattern of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves is associated with acupuncture stimulation on specific acupoints, intervention parameters, and disease models, and the relationships among them require further exploration.”

Hormonal Regulation

Acupuncture, a traditional Chinese medicine technique by the insertion of fine needles into specific points on the body, is believed to influence hormonal balance and various biochemical processes. Research suggests that acupuncture can affect the release of several hormones and neurotransmitters, leading to various physiological and therapeutic effects. Here are some key hormonal changes observed during acupuncture:

  1. Endorphins and Enkephalins:

    • Acupuncture stimulates the release of endorphins and enkephalins, which are natural pain-relieving compounds in the body. These substances can help reduce pain and induce a sense of well-being.

  2. Serotonin:

    • Levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that affects mood, appetite, and sleep, may increase during acupuncture sessions. This can contribute to mood stabilization and improved emotional health.

  3. Cortisol:

    • Some studies have shown that acupuncture can REDUCE cortisol levels, a stress hormone. Lower cortisol levels are associated with reduced stress and anxiety.

  4. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH):

    • Acupuncture may influence the release of ACTH, which in turn stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol. The overall effect on ACTH and cortisol levels can vary depending on the individual and the specific acupuncture treatment used.

  5. Oxytocin:

    • Acupuncture can enhance the release of oxytocin, often referred to as the "love hormone" or "bonding hormone." Oxytocin is associated with social bonding, relaxation, and stress reduction.

  6. Dopamine:

    • Dopamine levels may also be affected by acupuncture. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter linked to pleasure, motivation, and reward. Changes in dopamine levels can influence mood and behavior.

  7. GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid):

    • Acupuncture might increase the levels of GABA, a neurotransmitter that has calming effects on the nervous system, helping to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation.

  8. Sex Hormones (Estrogen and Testosterone):

    • There is some evidence to suggest that acupuncture can influence the levels of sex hormones, potentially helping to regulate menstrual cycles and address issues related to fertility and menopause.

  9. Insulin:

    • Acupuncture may affect insulin levels and glucose metabolism, which can be beneficial for individuals with diabetes or metabolic disorders.

The exact mechanisms by which acupuncture influences hormonal releases are still being studied, and the effects can vary depending on factors such as the specific acupuncture points used, the duration of treatment, and individual patient differences. However, the overall consensus is that acupuncture can modulate the endocrine system and contribute to various therapeutic outcomes.

What do studies show?

Arthritis: Li 2019: After 2 weeks treatment, EA improved VAS, CPM, and WOMAC compared with baseline. Compared with sham EA, weak EA (3.8; 95% CI 3.45, 4.15; P < .01) and strong EA (13.54; 95% CI 13.23, 13.85; P < .01)

Trigeminal pain: Qu 2020: Our research shows that electro-acupuncture at GB8 (Shuaigu), located in the periorbital region receptive field of the trigeminal nerve, may rapidly reduce the C-fiber evoked WDR neuronal discharges of the TCC within 60 s.

Jin 2023: EA can reverse the pain threshold in hyperalgesic priming model rats and regulates the expression of phosphorylated p38, IL-33, and ST2 in astrocytes in the L4-L6 SDHs. We discovered that EA raises the pain threshold.

Zhao 2008: Acupuncture analgesia is essentially a manifestation of integrative processes at different levels in the CNS between afferent impulses from pain regions and impulses from acupoints. In the last decade, profound studies on neural mechanisms underlying acupuncture analgesia predominately focus on cellular and molecular substrate and functional brain imaging and have developed rapidly.

Chen 2020: In the spinal cord, EA can inhibit glial cell activation by down-regulating the chemokine CX3CL1 and increasing the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10. This inhibits P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways, which are associated with microglial activation of the C-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway and subsequent astrocyte activation.

Chen 2022: To summarize the effects and neural mechanisms of acupuncture in migraine, we performed a systematic review of literature about migraine and acupuncture. We summarized the characteristics of current clinical studies, including the types of participants, study designs, and clinical outcomes. The published findings from basic neuroimaging studies support the hypothesis that acupuncture alters abnormal neuroplasticity and brain activity.

Hamvas 2022: the results of this meta-analysis suggest that real acupuncture has superior effect over placebo acupuncture in increasing parasympathetic tone and in this way may improve physical well-being.

Li 2024: In this randomized clinical trial involving 252 patients in China with poststroke motor aphasia, those who received 6 weeks of acupuncture treatment with up to 6 months of follow-up showed significant improvements in language function, quality of life, and neurological impairment compared with those who received sham acupuncture.

Electrical stimulated Acupuncture:

Bhavasar 2019: Of the 72 animal studies, 77% reported positive outcomes, and the most common model, bone, fracture type, and method of administering EStim were dog, tibia, large bone defects, and DC, respectively. Of the 69 clinical studies, 73% reported positive outcomes, and the most common bone treated, fracture type, and method of administration were tibia, delayed/non-unions, and PEMF, respectively. Of the 161 survey respondents, most (73%) were aware of the positive outcomes reported in the literature, yet only 32% used EStim in their patients.

How does Acupuncture treat Internal Medicine?

No Medical condition exists on its own. Only treating the body as whole will truly address the complete state of health. Everything is connected as a whole body!

In this study in Taiwan 59,000 people were followed over 9 years and it showed that Acupuncture decreased the risk of coronary heart disease by 55%!

Wu et.al. 2017; Journal of Arthritis research

Traditional Chinese medicine explains Acupuncture as a technique for balancing the flow of energy or life force — known as Qi— believed to flow through pathways (meridians) in your body. By inserting needles into specific points along these meridians, acupuncture practitioners believe that your vital-energy flow will re-balance.

In contrast, many Western practitioners view the acupuncture points as places to stimulate nerves, muscles and connective tissue. This stimulation appears to boost the activity of your body's natural process to inhibit pain, regulated the immune system and increase oxygen (qi) and blood flow.

At Natureworks Acupuncture, we practice the "Balance Method" which is based on I-Ching Acupuncture theory. I-Ching theory explains how life unfolds through origin, growth and completion. Humans are part an inseparable trinity of heaven, human and earth forming the universe. Yin and Yang is the binary system and its this theory forms the Early Heaven Ba Gua, the structure of the 8 trigrams.which form a perfect numerological system of opposites. This system ultimately led to the well known 5 phases, 5 elements or Wu Xing and directly applies to the human body as part of the 太極 =" Universal Supreme Ultimate" or Tai Ji (often spelled as ‘tai chi’).

At Natureworks Acupuncture we strongly believe that these systems of opposites ultimately reflect the balances of Yin and Yang. The state of disease is Qi stagnation caused by imbalances of Yin and Yang. Targeting specific Yin and Yang Meridians in opposites of (eg. foot - hand, ankle -wrist, knee - elbow) and distal relationships is the ultimate and original form of Acupuncture as described in the Nei Jing Su Wen.

In simple terms by treating the balancing points on the corresponding Meridians the normal Qi flow is restored. Qi and Blood can get to the area or organ of concern and healing is initiated.

Below you will find some links to trusted websites if you are interested in a deeper understanding of Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture. Please start by reading through these excellent pages.

What is QI 氣 ?

One of the most FAQ is the origin of Qi. It is actually not that mysterious. Qi is believed to be a vital force forming part of any living entity. Qi translates as "air" and figuratively as "material energy", "life force", or "energy flow". The Chinese had an early understanding of oxygen because they knew that Qi and blood belong together but yet they are separate entities and Qi is necessary to vitalize every living cell. Today we know that oxygen binds to hemoglobin in the red blood cells and is essential for every cells metabolism. But Qi also reflects the full nutritional spectrum of the blood and the entire metabolism such as vitamin b12 or essential amino acids, fatty acids, minerals and much more. Only a complete balanced metabolic nutritional composition is bringing true vitality to the body.

Meridians connect to the Organs

You are probably asking yourself how the acupuncturist knows the precise location of the acupuncture points. Picture a road map: a profusion of points woven into a web by lines of travel. Now imagine this 2-D system as 3-D in your body: a vast network of invisible energy pathways connecting to each other and to every atom, cell, tendon, bone, organ, each centimeter of skin—everything in your body! They link the upper portion with the lower and the surface with the interior, so that nothing is truly separate.

Now add other dimensions to this 3-D interconnected body “map”: your mind, your emotions, and spirit—everything conscious and unconscious within you. These amazing pathways are the meridians, and they form your body and all invisible aspects of your being into an intercommunicating whole.

The Liver Meridian

The Liver Meridian

Each of the regular Meridians are associated with an Element or Zang-Fu organ. E.g. the Liver channel starts between the 1st and 2nd toe and runs up on the inside of the leg up to the chest and connects to the Liver. Along this Liver Meridian pathway are 14 known Acupuncture points where the Qi appears to be easier accessible, each with different function.

There are twelve major meridians that run on each side of the body, one side mirroring the other. Each meridian corresponds to a different internal organ. And each organ, with its own physiological and invisible energy functions, is not only dependent on the other organ systems but also on the greater meridian network.

Acupuncture Styles

At NatureWorks Acupuncture you we offer a variety of Acupuncture styles ranging from Chinese to Japanese techniques. Every individual patient is assessed as to what approach is the best to achieve healing. Some conditions require local needles and some require the Tan style distal needling. Some patients are more responsive to chinese needling, some more to non-insertion Japanese styles. We even offer trigger point needling or japanese electro-diode techniques. Moxibustion, Cupping and Gu Sha are excellent options to deal with chronic pain problems.

Acupuncture for addiction: Acupuncture is also a very efficient tool to help people with any kind of addiction. NIH has stated that Acupuncture is the solution to the opioid crisis.